Economics

Economics is the social science that studies the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services. It examines how individuals, businesses, governments, and societies make choices about allocating limited resources to meet their needs and desires. Economics is broadly divided into two main branches: microeconomics, which focuses on the behaviors and interactions of individual agents such as households and firms; and macroeconomics, which analyzes overall economic trends and phenomena, including national income, inflation, and unemployment. Economists use various models and theories to understand and predict economic behavior, helping to inform policy decisions and influence economic outcomes. The discipline encompasses a wide range of topics, including market structures, trade, monetary policy, and welfare economics, making it essential for understanding how economies function and how economic policies can affect societal wellbeing.